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2- Benito Mussolini, leader of fascist Italy. The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Notable examples of totalitarian states include Italy under Benito Mussolini (1922-43), the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin (1924-53), Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler (1933-45), the People's Republic of China under the influence of Mao Zedong (1949-76), and North Korea under the Kim dynasty (1948- ). There are several characteristics that are common to totalitarian regimes, including: Rule by a single party Total control of the military Total control over means of communication (such as. From 1955 to 1957, Maos Anti-Rightist Campaign resulted in the persecution of as many as 550,000 intellectuals and political dissidents. By doing so, he held complete control of the government, both national and local. Let's have a look at this explanation. Dictator Benito Mussolini and Fascist Party leaders during the March on Rome. Ignorance is strength.. What Is Totalitarianism? Definition and Examples - ThoughtCo This website helped me pass! Both totalitarianism and authoritarianism depend on quashing all forms of individual freedom. The essence of totalitarianism can be found in its very name; it is a form of rule in which the government attempts to maintain 'total' control over society, including all aspects of the public and private lives of its citizens. control of media. Have all your study materials in one place. ThoughtCo, Oct. 1, 2022, thoughtco.com/totalitarianism-definition-and-examples-5083506. He took on the nickname 'Uncle Joe' in an effort to give off a kind and friendly personality. used to control the hearts and minds of the citizens. What is the difference between totalitarianism and authoritarianism? https://www.thoughtco.com/totalitarianism-definition-and-examples-5083506 (accessed May 1, 2023). With the initial successes of the military campaigns of 1939-41, his plan was expanded into a vision of a hemispheric order that would embrace all of Europe, western Asia, and Africa and eventually the entire world. Totalitarianism is typically distinguished from dictatorship, autocracy, or tyranny by its goals of replacing all existing political institutions with new ones and elimination of all legal, social, and political traditions. These have, of course, important, delicate, and highly discretionary functions, but none that they may not perform within the limits of the Bill of Rights. However, their methods of doing so differ. They were unsuccessful, and many were quickly stopped. Scapegoating and poverty. Longley, Robert. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. What was the book that Hitler wrote while in prison? As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons in math, 110 quizzes. Unwavering and total loyalty to both the regimes ideology and its leader are demanded. Fascism is a political ideology and totalitarianism is a style of governing. with young people. Both representations illustrate the different ways totalitarian leaders can showcase their authority. Another famed example of a totalitarian regime is the leadership of the Soviet Union under Josef Stalin. Write an essay that explains the way totalitarianism was carried out in Hitler's Germany and Stalin's Soviet Union, and be sure to compare and contrast totalitarianism in the two regimes. Unlike totalitarian states, authoritarian states are limited in their ability to force the entire population to adopt and pursue the regimes goals for the nation. Unit 1 Totalitarianism Flashcards | Quizlet succeed. Sovereignty Concept & Kinds | What is Sovereignty? Tip: Be sure to explain how Hitler and Stalin are portraying themselves in these photos, and how such presentations might influence people's views of them. Illustration of totalitarianisms control of the press. By 1939, the Soviet people were so fearful of Stalin that mass arrests were no longer necessary. Fascism is characterized by the imposition of dictatorial power, government control of industry and commerce, and the forcible suppression of opposition, often at the hands of the military or a secret police force.