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Delevan CJ, Rodriguez NA, Legzim KM, Aliou F, Parker JT, Bamshad M. Curr Zool. In all mammals, the neocortex consists of two sheets (Finlay & Uchiyama, 2015), a dorsomedial sector that is spatially topographic and a ventrolateral sector that is non-topographic. 739752) Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Taken together, these and other findings strongly suggest that selection history is tightly interconnected with reward history and that neither of these concepts are particularly well understood. Cognitive psychologists view constructs as hypothesized causes for certain behaviors, whereas behavioral psychologists view constructs as only descriptors of behaviors. Neuron, 31, 889-901. (2007). Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! The control of gaze involves the lateral intraparietal area (Snyder, Batista, & Andersen, 2000), which represents space in a retinotopic frame (Colby & Duhamel, 1996; Snyder, Grieve, Brotchie, & Andersen, 1998), and is interconnected with frontal regions controlling gaze, such as the frontal eye fields and the superior colliculus (Par & Wurtz, 2001) taking advantage of the tectal orientation/approach system that has been steering animals since the Cambrian epoch. Acta Psychologica, 176, 32-38. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Rizzolatti, G., Riggio, L., Dascola, I., & Umilta, C. (1987). Small rectangles indicate the estimated latest timing of innovations described in the boxes. Journal of Neuroscience, 29, 6436-6448. But the concept of attention is also used to refer to the system, mechanism, or ability to deal with (or avoid) the consequences of such unequal potencies of representations to drive behavior (e.g., Broadbent, 1958). Action-centred distractor effects in discrete control selection. Thus, intelligence is a construct that implies an underlying reality, but this reality must be inferred from behavioral observations (Wechsler, 1971). Neuroscientist, 18, 502-515. Post the Definition of unitary theory to Facebook, Share the Definition of unitary theory on Twitter, More than 250,000 words that aren't in our free dictionary, Expanded definitions, etymologies, and usage notes. PubMed Central Rather, what is needed is a theory that not only assumes that integration takes place but that explains how that integration works. WBABT52060LT01071. However, there are still debates about the different aspects of this awareness. Visual neglect. (1993) Attention and control: Have we been asking the wrong questions? (2007). Given that this integration is the explanandum (the to-be-explained phenomenon), postulating the existence of one map that has no other function than achieving this integration seems to be one more attempt to explain a psychological phenomenon by positing the existence of a dedicated system whose only purpose is to somehow create that phenomenon. Neuron, 70, 536-548. Econometrica, 47, 263-292. Journal of Neuroscience, 27, 2001-2012. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4274-06.2007. A construct derives its name from the fact that it is a mental construction, derived from scientific process: observing natural phenomena, inferring the common features of those observations, and constructing a label for the commonality or the underlying cause. Unitary theories of memory - Wikipedia Snyder, L.H., Grieve, K.L., Brotchie, P., & Andersen, R.A. (1998). Cisek, P., & Thura, D. (2018). (2009). In a nutshell, endogenous attention is sometimes too automatic and exogenous attention is sometimes too dependent on the current prioritized stimulus feature or action goal to make this dichotomy fruitful and tenable (Awh et al., 2012; Folk, Remington, & Johnston, 1992; Hommel & Wiers, 2017). Aboitiz, F., & Montiel, J. F. (2015). We point out that the concept has too many meanings to justify a single term, and that attention is used to refer to both the explanandum (the set of phenomena in need of explanation) and the explanans (the set of processes doing the explaining). Journal of Comparative Neurology, 517, 257-275. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 527-535. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Gandhi, N. J., & Katnani, H. A. Graziano, M. S. (2016). In addition to the interactive nature of stimulus properties and action goals in determining selection and prioritization of locations and features, it does not seem that selection stops solely within any putative attentional system. Snyder, L.H., Batista, A.P., & Andersen, R.A. (2000). Of course, much of the detail about how this occurs is an open question and beyond the scope of this article. In the present paper, we stake the position that the term attention should be abandoned and the nature of the research in this area be re-conceptualized to focus on the subsets of processes and mechanisms that lead to task-specific performance.