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This results in areas that are wetter, drier or warmer than surrounding flatlands. In Europe, canals in Great Britain and the Netherlands were often frozen solid, allowing for ice skating. Use the resource below to answer the questions that follow. In geography, latitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the northsouth position of a point on the Earths surface. One of the factors that affect the climate of an area is altitude. This is because of latitude, or how far north or south of the equator an area is. Latitude is one of the primary factors that affect temperature. This fact alone will help to explain the relationship between altitude and air pressure. The lower its moisture index value, the more arid a regions climate.The major classifications in Thornthwaites climate classification are microthermal, mesothermal, and megathermal.Microthermal climates are characterized by cold winters and low potential evapotranspiration. Most places with deserts climate are close to 30 north and south latitudes. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. A regions elevation, proximity to the ocean or freshwater, and land-use patterns can all impact climate.All climates are the product of many factors, including latitude, elevation, topography, distance from the ocean, and location on a continent. What is the difference between elevation and altitude? The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. For more see Altitudes of a triangle. Two of them are latitude and altitude. Manage Settings The equator defines zero degrees latitude, which locates the North and South Poles at 90 degrees North and South respectively. The area is wet; very, very wet. As altitude increases, temperature decreases. The movement of tectonic plates, volcanic activity, and the tilt of Earths axis all have effects on climate. Did you notice that it was cooler near the top? What are the characteristics (wind, precipitation, vegetation) seen on the leeward side of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Outer planets, such as Saturn, have similar tilts, but they don't experience latitude-dependent climate variations in the same way because they aren't as close to the sun. Any area that lies within the tropic zone is within a latitude that's closest to the equator, between the Tropic of Cancer, and the Tropic of Capricorn. The ITCZ follows a pendulum-like path during the course of a year, moving back and forth across the Equator with the seasons. However, the daily and seasonal changes make San Francisco and Beijing very different. Mountainous regions block the flow of air masses, which rise to pass over the higher terrain. In areas closer to the poles, sunlight has a larger area of atmosphere to pass through and the sun is at a lower angle in the sky. (At least 30 years in most cases.) Latitude. For example, the American Southwest has a climate that is dry and hot. Thus, it influences the temperature accordingly. NASA: What are climate and climate change? These molecules have fewer collisions, so they produce less heat. Tapa cloth is delicate and loses strength when wet, which would be deadly near the poles but only inconvenient near the Equator.ShelterClimate also influences how civilizations construct housing. On some mountains, such as Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, the climate is tropical at the base and polar at the summit. What are the physical state of oxygen at room temperature? In these parts of the world, climate is influenced mostly by latitude and a regions position on the continent.MediterraneanMediterranean climates have warm summers and short, mild, rainy winters. How do latitude and altitude affect the climate of India? Elevation affects precipitation significantly, especially in a mountain environment. They have a tropical wet climate. Privacy Policy A triangle has three altitudes. Potential evapotranspiration describes the amount of water evaporated from a vegetated piece of land. Since the atmosphere gets warmed up from the bottom up, the air is usually at its warmest at the surface of the planet and cools down as altitude increases. Latitude: As the earth is round, sunlight does not reach everywhere equally. f REMARKS: Figure 2.3 the air density in certain different altitudes. Even the type of vegetation in a region can exert a strong influence on local weather patterns. 3 How does topography affect the movement of air?